Passive components that protect circuits from excessive currents or voltages:

Protection devices[edit]

Passive components that protect circuits from excessive currents or voltages:

• Fuse – over-current protection, one time use
• Circuit breaker – resettable fuse in the form of a mechanical switch
• Resettable fuse or PolySwitch – circuit breaker action using solid state device
• Ground-fault protection or residual-current device – circuit breaker sensitive to mains currents passing to ground
• Metal oxide varistor (MOV), surge absorber, TVS – Over-voltage protection
• Inrush current limiter – protection against initial Inrush current
• Gas discharge tube – protection against high voltage surges
• Spark gap – electrodes with a gap to arc over at a high voltage
• Lightning arrester – spark gap used to protect against lightning strikes
• Recloser – automatic switch that opens on an overcurrent (fault) condition, then closes to check if the fault is cleared, and repeats this process a specified number of times before maintaining the open position until it is manually closed
• Arc-fault circuit interrupter – circuit breaker that protects against arcs
• Network protector – protective device that disconnects a distribution transformer when energy flow reverses direction
• Magnetic starter – electromechanical switch used in motors

Mechanical accessories[edit]

• Enclosure (electrical)
• Heat sink
• Fan

Other[edit]

• Printed circuit boards
• Lamp
• Waveguide

Obsolete[edit]

• Carbon amplifier (see Carbon microphones used as amplifiers)
• Carbon arc (negative resistance device)
• Dynamo (historic rf generator)
• Coherer

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